[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.danner.cz\/hong-kong-ukradena-vyspa-demokracie\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.danner.cz\/hong-kong-ukradena-vyspa-demokracie\/","headline":"Hong Kong \u2013 ukraden\u00e1 v\u00fdspa demokracie?","name":"Hong Kong \u2013 ukraden\u00e1 v\u00fdspa demokracie?","description":"Hong Kong je autonomn\u00ed oblast pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed pod spr\u00e1vu \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky. M\u00e1 svoj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed vlajku,...","datePublished":"2019-12-04","dateModified":"2023-05-01","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.danner.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.danner.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/01173f1da90dde8adb887d6793fa4e42c4004e53f8d645d9b1cb57c2dee8e188?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/01173f1da90dde8adb887d6793fa4e42c4004e53f8d645d9b1cb57c2dee8e188?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"danner.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.danner.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a362638_w4339_t1575733456.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.danner.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a362638_w4339_t1575733456.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.danner.cz\/hong-kong-ukradena-vyspa-demokracie\/","about":["Politika"],"wordCount":842,"articleBody":"Hong Kong je autonomn\u00ed oblast pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed pod spr\u00e1vu \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky. M\u00e1 svoj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed vlajku, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed m\u011bnu (hongkongsk\u00fd dolar) a s\u00a0\u010c\u00ednou ji spojuje zahrani\u010dn\u00ed politika, spole\u010dn\u00e1 obrana a \u0161\u00e9fka administrativy Carrie Lamov\u00e1.\tAbychom se trochu zorientovali v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situaci, je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed pod\u00edvat se ale nejprve do minulosti. Ji\u017e v\u00a0sedmn\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed za\u010dal obchodn\u00ed styk mezi \u010c\u00ednou a Evropou, kter\u00e1 byla v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b zastoupena p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm britskou V\u00fdchodoindickou spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Z\u00e1jem Evropy o \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed byl neukojiteln\u00fd. A dovoz nebyl jednoduch\u00fd, nebo\u0165 \u010c\u00edna o zbo\u017e\u00ed z\u00a0Evropy nejevila z\u00e1jem a vy\u017eadovala platby ve st\u0159\u00edb\u0159e. To nebylo p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro Brity zcela p\u0159ijateln\u00e9, za\u010dali tedy do \u010c\u00edny dov\u00e1\u017eet opium, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e tehdy ve velk\u00e9m p\u011bstovali ve sv\u00fdch koloni\u00edch v\u00a0Indii. Opium se v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b uchytilo a ji\u017e v\u00a0polovin\u011b devaten\u00e1ct\u00e9ho stolen\u00ed se po\u010det z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na opiu odhadoval na dva mili\u00f3ny \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u016f. V\u00a0t\u00e9 chv\u00edli p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b zakro\u010dil \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd c\u00edsa\u0159, kter\u00fd nechal zatknout v\u00edce ne\u017e 1500 pa\u0161er\u00e1k\u016f a p\u0159ekupn\u00edku a zni\u010dit v\u00edce ne\u017e 1000 tun opia. Tato jeho aktivita vedla k\u00a0Prvn\u00ed opiov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce mezi Brit\u00e1nii a \u010c\u00ednou. Vysp\u011bl\u00e9 britsk\u00e9 lo\u010fstvo obsadilo n\u011bkolik \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch m\u011bst a donutilo \u010c\u00ednu podepsat potupnou Nanginkskou smlouvu, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00e9 se krom\u011b mnoha jin\u00fdch sankc\u00ed, stal Hong Kong sou\u010d\u00e1sti Britsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.\tTo u\u017e je d\u00e1vn\u00e1 historie. Ale minim\u00e1ln\u011b n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee objasnit, jak zasahovala Britsk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e do p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje v\u011bc\u00ed v\u00a0Asii. Nen\u00ed se tedy pro\u010d divit tomu, \u017ee jakmile to bylo mo\u017en\u00e9, \u010c\u00edna, tentokr\u00e1te ji\u017e v\u00a0podob\u011b \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky, projevila sv\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na vr\u00e1cen\u00ed Hong Kongu. A proto\u017ee Brit\u00e1nie ji\u017e v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b nebyla koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed velmoc\u00ed, musela n\u00e1roky \u010c\u00edny uznat a v\u00a0roce 1984 vyjednala podm\u00ednky pro vr\u00e1cen\u00ed Hong Kongu pod \u010d\u00ednskou spr\u00e1vu.\u00a0 Re\u00e1ln\u011b se tak stalo v\u00a0roce 1997, kdy se z\u00a0Hong Kongu stala zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed administrativn\u00ed z\u00f3na \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky.\tAby ale situace nebyla p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 jednoduch\u00e1, dohoda mezi Brit\u00e1nii a \u010cLR obsahovala i dolo\u017eku, dle kter\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00edch 50 let, tj. a\u017e do roku 2047, nebude v\u00a0Hong Kongu zaveden socialistick\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd funguje v\u00a0cel\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b, ale na cel\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch 50 let bude Hong Kongu garantov\u00e1no udr\u017een\u00ed kapitalisticko \u2013 demokratick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.\t\tBy\u0165 z\u00a0po\u010d\u00e1tku nikdo nev\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee dohoda mezi Brit\u00e1nii a \u010cLR bude fungovat, katastrofick\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e se nenaplnily a Hong Kongu se i po zm\u011bn\u011b vl\u00e1dy st\u00e1le da\u0159ilo dob\u0159e. Nespokojenost m\u00edstn\u00edch ale nepramen\u00ed z\u00a0ekonomick\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f, ale z\u00a0nespokojenosti s\u00a0politick\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem. V\u00a0letech 2003, 2014 a op\u011bt letos propukly v\u00a0Hong Kongu prudk\u00e9 nepokoje. C\u00edlem nepokoj\u016f je omezit zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010c\u00edny do vnitro hongkongsk\u00fdch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed, vyj\u00e1d\u0159it nesouhlas s\u00a0\u010c\u00ednou dosazenou spr\u00e1vkyn\u00ed Carrie Lamovou a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pouk\u00e1zat na to, \u017ee by\u0165 se \u010c\u00edna zav\u00e1zala a\u017e do roku 2047 udr\u017eet dohodnutou autonomii Hong Kongu, pomalu ale jist\u011b kolem n\u011bj ale utahuje smy\u010dku a asi nikdo nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee dal\u0161\u00edch 27 let nebude toto \u00fazem\u00ed pln\u011b za\u010dlen\u011bno do v\u0161ech struktur \u010cLR.\tNa jednu stanu je velice jednoduch\u00e9 p\u0159iklonit se nyn\u00ed na stranu Hong Kongsk\u00fdch vzbou\u0159enc\u016f. D\u011bl\u00e1 to v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00fdch politik\u016f a Americk\u00fd prezident Donald Trump podepsal dokonce speci\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd podporuje protivl\u00e1dn\u00ed protestuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0Hong Kongu, respektive p\u0159ipravuje si p\u016fdu pro dal\u0161\u00ed proti\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 sankce.\tNa druhou stranu, pokud si nyn\u00ed d\u00e1me do souvislosti historick\u00e9 a sou\u010dasn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, to, \u017ee Hong Kong byl \u010c\u00edn\u011b ukraden\u00fd, je nezpochybniteln\u00e9. A m\u00e1 nyn\u00ed n\u011bkdo pr\u00e1vo p\u0159ikazovat \u010cLR, co bude d\u011blat s\u00a0\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u00e9 zem\u011b? Asi jako kdyby n\u011bkdo na\u0161\u00ed vl\u00e1d\u011b nutil zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed z\u00e1kony pro Chodsko nebo Slezsko . . .\tNejsmutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed na cel\u00e9 situaci je to, \u017ee se op\u011bt ob\u011bt\u00ed vysok\u00e9 politiky st\u00e1vaj\u00ed oby\u010dejn\u00ed lid\u00e9. Nejprve v\u00a019. stolet\u00ed se hongkong\u0161t\u00ed \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 stali sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Britsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, a nikdo se je na to neptal. A p\u00e1r let zp\u00e1tky se obyvatel\u00e9 Hong Kongu stali op\u011bt \u010c\u00ed\u0148any, a m\u00e1m ten dojem, \u017ee jim nebylo umo\u017en\u011bno se k\u00a0tomu vyj\u00e1d\u0159it.\tA tak se n\u00e1m zde op\u011bt potvrzuje, \u017ee odezvy na\u0161eho chov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00a0minulosti se k\u00a0n\u00e1m vrac\u00ed. N\u00e1siln\u00e9 zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed do vnit\u0159n\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed a n\u00e1rod\u016f se nikdy nevyplatilo a v\u017edy p\u0159ineslo jen n\u00e1sil\u00ed a bolest na obou stran\u00e1ch. Ot\u00e1zkou ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, zda se kone\u010dn\u011b z\u00a0historie pou\u010d\u00edme, \u010di nikoli.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.9\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Hong Kong \u2013 ukraden\u00e1 v\u00fdspa demokracie?","item":"https:\/\/www.danner.cz\/hong-kong-ukradena-vyspa-demokracie\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]